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Published on: January 28, 2020

The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index as a Predictor of Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Coronary Syndrome: Influence of

Luwa Gao1, Xinbo Bai1, Yuqi Zhao1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Disease Center, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Cardiovascular Information and Health Engineering Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Inflammation Research
|May 29, 2026
PubMed

Insights

The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) predicts adverse outcomes in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients, especially those with diabetes. Elevated SII combined with diabetes indicates the highest risk for major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Inflammation Research
  • Diabetology

Background:

  • Systemic inflammation is crucial in coronary heart disease prognosis.
  • The Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII) measures inflammatory status and immune balance.
  • The prognostic value of SII in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), particularly in diabetic patients, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the predictive value of SII in CCS patients.
  • To examine if diabetes modifies the relationship between SII and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 853 CCS patients undergoing coronary angiography (2022).
  • Stratification by SII and glycometabolic status.
  • Evaluation of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCEs) using Kaplan-Meier, Cox proportional hazard, and restricted cubic spline models.

Main Results:

  • Higher SII independently predicted MACCEs in the overall cohort (HR 1.63) and significantly in diabetic patients (HR 2.24).
  • No significant association was found between SII and MACCEs in non-diabetic individuals.
  • Elevated SII combined with diabetes identified the subgroup with the highest MACCEs risk.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated SII is an independent predictor of adverse outcomes in CCS patients.
  • The prognostic effect of SII is stronger in diabetic CCS patients.
  • SII may serve as a valuable tool for personalized risk stratification in CCS, especially for diabetic individuals.
Abstract

Keywords:
cardiovascular riskchronic coronary syndromediabetes mellitusinflammationprognosissystemic immune-inflammation index

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