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Measurements of Physiological Stress Responses in C. Elegans
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Published on: May 21, 2020

Intestinal gene expression in heat-stressed broilers selected for high water efficiency.

Kentu Lassiter1, Loujain Aloui2, Elizabeth S Greene1

  • 1Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, United States.

Frontiers in Physiology
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High water-efficient (HWE) broilers show distinct intestinal gene expression related to water homeostasis compared to Modern Random Bred (MRB) broilers. Heat stress significantly alters gene expression in both broiler lines across various intestinal segments.

Keywords:
broilersgene expressionheat stressintestineswater use efficiency

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Area of Science:

  • Avian biology and physiology
  • Molecular biology and gene expression
  • Environmental stress response in livestock

Background:

  • Water homeostasis is crucial for broiler health and productivity.
  • High water-efficient (HWE) broilers exhibit enhanced water conservation compared to unselected Modern Random Bred (MRB) broilers.
  • Environmental factors, such as heat stress (HS), significantly impact physiological processes in poultry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare mRNA expression related to water homeostasis in the intestines of HWE and MRB broilers.
  • To investigate the effects of thermoneutral (TN) and heat stress (HS) environments on intestinal gene expression in broilers.
  • To identify molecular mechanisms underlying water efficiency in HWE broilers under different environmental conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A 2x2 factorial study design involving two broiler lines (MRB and HWE) and two environments (TN and HS).
  • Broilers were exposed to TN (25°C) or cyclic HS (35°C for 8 h/d) from 4 to 7 weeks of age.
  • RT-PCR was used to quantify mRNA expression of genes involved in heat shock response, water transport, hormone signaling, and tight junctions in duodenal and cecal tissues.

Main Results:

  • Heat stress (HS) upregulated heat shock proteins (HSP70, HSP90) in all intestinal segments.
  • In the lower duodenum, HS increased arginine vasotocin (AVT) and associated receptor expression, along with aquaporins (AQPs), occludin (OCLN), and claudins (CLDNs).
  • HWE broilers showed higher mRNA expression of AVT receptors, AQPs, and CLDN2 in the upper duodenum compared to MRB broilers, with no differences observed in the cecum.

Conclusions:

  • Gene expression patterns in HWE broilers suggest specific adaptations for water homeostasis in the upper and lower duodenum.
  • Chronic cyclic heat stress significantly alters the expression of genes involved in water transport and cellular integrity in the broiler gastrointestinal tract.
  • This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of water efficiency in HWE broilers and the impact of heat stress on broiler intestinal physiology.