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Related Concept Videos

Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Inhibition of CDK Activity02:34

Inhibition of CDK Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
The Retinoblastoma Gene01:20

The Retinoblastoma Gene

Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
The first-ever tumor suppressor gene called Rb was identified in retinoblastoma - a rare eye tumor in children. In inherited forms of the disease, a child inherits one defective copy of the Rb gene, which predisposes them to retinoblastoma. However,...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Negative Regulator Molecules01:23

Negative Regulator Molecules

Positive regulators allow a cell to advance through cell cycle checkpoints. Negative regulators have an equally important role as they terminate a cell’s progression through the cell cycle—or pause it—until the cell meets specific criteria.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Development of Inhibitors of Protein-protein Interactions through REPLACE: Application to the Design and Development Non-ATP Competitive CDK Inhibitors
10:33

Development of Inhibitors of Protein-protein Interactions through REPLACE: Application to the Design and Development Non-ATP Competitive CDK Inhibitors

Published on: October 26, 2015

Abemaciclib Inhibits Retinoblastoma Tumor Growth by Targeting CDK1/2.

Hongwei Yang1, Qing Xiao1, Yaoying Shen2

  • 1Ophthalmic Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Abemaciclib shows promise in treating retinoblastoma by inhibiting CDK1 and CDK2, leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. This study provides preclinical evidence for abemaciclib as a novel retinoblastoma therapeutic.

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Development of Inhibitors of Protein-protein Interactions through REPLACE: Application to the Design and Development Non-ATP Competitive CDK Inhibitors
10:33

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Published on: October 26, 2015

Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics
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Through the Looking Glass: Time-lapse Microscopy and Longitudinal Tracking of Single Cells to Study Anti-cancer Therapeutics

Published on: May 14, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Retinoblastoma is a pediatric eye cancer with limited treatment options.
  • Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play a role in cell proliferation.
  • Abemaciclib is a known CDK4/6 inhibitor, but its efficacy in retinoblastoma requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the antitumor efficacy of abemaciclib in retinoblastoma.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of abemaciclib in retinoblastoma beyond its canonical CDK4/6 inhibition.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptomic analysis of retinoblastoma vs. healthy retinal tissues.
  • In vitro validation using cell lines and in vivo studies using patient-derived xenograft (PDX) and cell line-derived xenograft (CDX) models.
  • Assays for cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, DNA damage, and Western blotting to assess molecular pathways.

Main Results:

  • CDK1 and CDK2 were overexpressed in retinoblastoma tissues and cell lines.
  • Abemaciclib inhibited retinoblastoma cell proliferation in vitro and suppressed tumor growth in vivo.
  • Abemaciclib induced G2/M cell-cycle arrest, increased ROS, caused DNA damage, inhibited repair, activated the p53/p21 pathway, and induced apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • Abemaciclib demonstrates significant antitumor activity in retinoblastoma models.
  • The drug's mechanism involves targeting CDK1/CDK2, inducing cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
  • Abemaciclib represents a promising novel therapeutic strategy for retinoblastoma.