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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Quantitative Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) and Immunofluorescence (IF) of Specific Gene Products in KSHV-Infected Cells
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ORF57/MTA in KSHV Biology and Pathogenesis: Update From 2015.

Zhi-Ming Zheng1, Vladimir Majerciak1

  • 1Tumor Virus RNA Biology Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland, USA.

Journal of Medical Virology
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ORF57 (MTA) protein regulates viral gene expression and replication. Recent studies reveal its role in innate immunity and host gene regulation, expanding our understanding of viral mechanisms.

Keywords:
FOSKSHVMREMTAORF57P‐bodiesRNA granulesRNA processingpost‐transcriptional regulationstress granules

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Published on: September 14, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) ORF57, also known as MTA, is a crucial viral protein.
  • It acts as an RNA-binding protein, essential for viral replication and gene expression regulation.
  • ORF57/MTA has distinct N-terminal (NTD) and C-terminal (CTD) domains involved in protein interactions, RNA binding, and dimerization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding KSHV ORF57/MTA function.
  • To highlight its role in post-transcriptional regulation of viral and host gene expression.
  • To explore its newly discovered functions in innate immunity and RNA granule modulation.

Main Methods:

  • Structural determination of ORF57/MTA domains, including CTD crystal structure.
  • Genome-wide identification of viral and host RNA targets.
  • Investigation of ORF57/MTA's role in RNA granule biogenesis and innate immune response modulation.

Main Results:

  • Detailed structural insights into ORF57/MTA domains and dimerization.
  • Identification of numerous viral and host RNAs regulated by ORF57/MTA.
  • Demonstration of ORF57/MTA's novel function in suppressing innate immunity via RNA granules.
  • Elucidation of long-distance viral RNA splicing mediated by ORF57/MTA.

Conclusions:

  • ORF57/MTA is a multifaceted regulator of viral and host gene expression.
  • Its functions extend to modulating innate immunity and cellular processes like RNA granule formation.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex mechanisms of ORF57/MTA.