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Updated: May 31, 2026

Reliability of Artificial Intelligence-Based Cone Beam Computed Tomography Integration with Digital Dental Images
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Reliability of Artificial Intelligence-Based Cone Beam Computed Tomography Integration with Digital Dental Images

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Evaluation of artificial intelligence-based cephalometric analysis compared to the manual method.

Alfonso Alvarado-Lorenzo1, Laura Criado-Pérez2, Daniele Garcovich3

  • 1Department of Oral Surgery, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.

Progress in Orthodontics
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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Artificial intelligence (AI) in cephalometry shows promise, with AI systems demonstrating superior reproducibility compared to manual methods. However, both AI tools, WebCeph™ and AngelAligner™, require human oversight for accurate cephalometric measurements.

Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence in Medicine

Background:

  • Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied to cephalometry to enhance clinical efficiency.
  • Cephalometric analysis is crucial for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the accuracy and reproducibility of cephalometric measurements using manual methods, WebCeph™, and AngelAligner™.
  • To evaluate the performance of two AI-based cephalometry tools against traditional manual analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A total of 30 patients' cephalometric data were analyzed.
  • Nine key cephalometric measurements were evaluated at two time points (T1 and T2) across manual, WebCeph™, and AngelAligner™ methods.

Main Results:

Keywords:
Artificial intelligenceCephalometricsDigitalManual tracing

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  • Both AI systems, WebCeph™ and AngelAligner™, showed significant differences compared to manual measurements in several parameters.
  • WebCeph™ exhibited more significant differences with manual methods than AngelAligner™.
  • AI-based systems demonstrated excellent reproducibility (ICC=1), surpassing manual method consistency in most measurements.

Conclusions:

  • AI-based cephalometric analysis offers enhanced reproducibility over manual techniques.
  • Despite high reproducibility, AI methods necessitate continued human supervision for clinical application.