Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
Inhibition of Cdk Activity02:34

Inhibition of Cdk Activity

The orderly progression of the cell cycle depends on the activation of Cdk protein by binding to its cyclin partner. However, the cell cycle must be restricted when undergoing abnormal changes. Most cancers correlate to the deregulated cell cycle, and since Cdks are a central component of the cell cycle, Cdk inhibitors are extensively studied to develop anticancer agents. For instance, cyclin D associates with several Cdks, such as Cdk 4/6, to form an active complex. The cyclin D-Cdk4/6 complex...
Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets01:29

Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets

Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Primary Care Cost Sharing in Medicare Advantage.

JAMA health forum·2026
Same author

Adjunctive sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors with progestins and endometrial cancer risk in benign uterine diseases and hyperplasia.

Gynecologic oncology·2026
Same author

Oncology Organization and Oncologist Networks Under Medicare Advantage Plans.

JAMA network open·2026
Same author

Identifying Meaningful Patient Savings on Generics: Direct-to-Consumer Prices Versus Commercial Insurance Cost Sharing.

Annals of internal medicine·2026
Same author

Insurance Disparity in Novel Hormonal Therapy Initiation in Patients With Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: Medicare Advantage Versus Traditional Medicare.

JCO oncology practice·2026
Same author

Medicare Advantage Benefits Design and Access to Cardiovascular Care.

JAMA network open·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

Use of PCSK9 Inhibitors Among Patients Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Cancer.

Chuan Angel Lu1, Changchuan Jiang1,2, Andrew Z Wang3

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.

JAMA Network Open
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors improved survival in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). This study found PCSK9 inhibitor use was linked to better survival and reduced healthcare use without increasing cardiovascular events.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Oncology and Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Health Services Research

Background:

  • Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition shows promise in enhancing antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in preclinical settings.
  • Clinical evidence supporting the combination of PCSK9 inhibitors and ICIs is currently limited.
  • Understanding the comparative effectiveness of PCSK9 inhibitors versus standard therapies in cancer patients receiving ICIs is crucial for clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare overall survival and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) between adult cancer patients receiving ICIs treated with a PCSK9 inhibitor (PCSK9I) versus high-intensity statin therapy.
  • To evaluate the impact of PCSK9I use on acute health care utilization, including emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and critical care services.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative effectiveness study utilizing deidentified data from the TriNetX research network.
  • Inclusion of adult patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, or renal cell carcinoma treated with ICIs between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2024.
  • One-to-one propensity score matching comparing patients with PCSK9I exposure within one year before ICI initiation to those receiving high-intensity statins without PCSK9I use, followed by survival and MACE analyses.

Main Results:

  • Among 239 matched pairs, PCSK9I use was associated with significantly improved overall survival (HR, 0.69; P=.006), with 2-year survival probabilities of 62% vs 51% compared to statin therapy.
  • No significant difference in major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) was observed between the PCSK9I and statin groups (HR, 0.85; P=.31).
  • PCSK9I use was associated with a reduced risk of emergency department visits (HR, 0.65; P=.002), hospitalization (HR, 0.73; P=.008), and critical care services (HR, 0.68; P=.03).

Conclusions:

  • In adults with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, or renal cell carcinoma receiving ICIs, PCSK9 inhibitor use is associated with improved survival.
  • PCSK9 inhibitor use demonstrated reduced acute health care utilization without a significant increase in cardiovascular events.
  • These findings suggest a potential benefit of PCSK9 inhibitors in this patient population, warranting further prospective investigation.