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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 31, 2026

Single-Molecule Measurement of Protein Interaction Dynamics Within Biomolecular Condensates
06:48

Single-Molecule Measurement of Protein Interaction Dynamics Within Biomolecular Condensates

Published on: January 5, 2024

Nonreciprocal Interactions between Condensates in Chemically Active Mixtures.

Jacopo Romano1,2, Martin Kjøllesdal Johnsrud1, Benoît Mahault1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS), 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 29, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Catalytically active droplets in complex mixtures form self-propelling clusters due to nonreciprocal chemical interactions. This discovery reveals how non-locality drives active matter systems out of equilibrium.

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Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres
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Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

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Last Updated: May 31, 2026

Single-Molecule Measurement of Protein Interaction Dynamics Within Biomolecular Condensates
06:48

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Published on: January 5, 2024

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08:52

Chemical Dimerization-Induced Protein Condensates on Telomeres

Published on: April 12, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Catalytically active droplets are key components in multicomponent conserved mixtures.
  • Understanding their behavior under noise is crucial for predicting system dynamics.
  • Previous studies have not fully explored the emergent interactions and collective behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the behavior of catalytically active droplets in multicomponent conserved mixtures.
  • To analytically determine the system's state diagram and dynamical regimes.
  • To uncover the mechanisms behind droplet interactions and collective motion.

Main Methods:

  • Thin interface limit analysis for analytical solutions.
  • Numerical simulations to verify theoretical findings.
  • Investigation of chemically mediated interactions between droplets.

Main Results:

  • Analytical determination of the system's state diagram with multiple dynamical regimes.
  • Observation of nonreciprocal, chemically mediated interactions leading to droplet clustering.
  • Demonstration of self-propulsion in droplet clusters, even with attractive interactions.

Conclusions:

  • Nonlocal chemical interactions are a primary driver for emergent phenomena in active matter.
  • Locality violations provide a general mechanism for energy dissipation and out-of-equilibrium steady states.
  • The findings open new avenues for designing active matter systems with tunable collective behaviors.