[Antibiotics: the rise of resistance… France and Europe strike back!]

Antibiotic resistance, responsible for 1.14 million deaths worldwide each year, is one of the most urgent threats to public health. This complex phenomenon, driven by the overuse of antibiotics, agricultural practices, and the spread of resistant bacteria, requires a comprehensive global response within the framework of the "One Health" approach. This article provides an overview of European and national initiatives implemented to combat antibiotic resistance within the framework of the "One Health" approach. It highlights European and national efforts aimed at strengthening governance, coordination between countries and within territories, as well as surveillance and research. These efforts demonstrate Europe's and France's commitment to tackling antibiotic resistance and implementing the "One Health" approach. However, these achievements remain fragile in an international and national context where political priorities are rapidly shifting. To preserve health as a common good, it is crucial to maintain political commitment, funding, and international cooperation in order to address this crisis.