Cancer Prevalence Trends in Kyrgyzstan (2020-2026): A Population-Based Epidemiologic Analysis

Cancer represents a growing public health challenge in Kyrgyzstan, with increasing incidence and cumulative prevalence in recent years. This study aimed to evaluate national cancer prevalence and incidence trends in Kyrgyzstan between 2020 and 2026 and to assess epidemiologic patterns and public health implications.

A population-based descriptive analysis was conducted using publicly available national oncology registry reports, Ministry of Health statistical publications, and international cancer databases. Annual incidence, prevalence, and crude incidence rates per 100,000 population were calculated using national demographic estimates. Temporal trends were evaluated using joinpoint regression modeling.

Annual newly diagnosed cancer cases increased from approximately 5,471 in 2020 to 6,651 in 2024. Crude incidence rates rose from 83 per 100,000 population in 2020 to more than 92 per 100,000 in 2024. National registry estimates indicate that over 35,000 individuals will be living with a cancer diagnosis by 2025. Stomach, breast, lung, cervical, and colorectal cancers accounted for the largest proportion of cases. A temporary stabilization in incidence was observed between 2022 and 2023, followed by an increase again in 2024.

Cancer burden in Kyrgyzstan increased steadily during the study period, with rising incidence and expanding national prevalence. These findings highlight the importance of strengthening national cancer surveillance systems, expanding screening programs, and improving oncology care infrastructure.