Effects of Multicomponent Digital Health Interventions on Multidimensional Physical Activity in Older Adults:...

Area of Science:

• Gerontology
• Digital Health
• Physical Activity Promotion

Background:

• The impact of multicomponent digital health interventions (DHIs) on physical activity and sedentary behavior (SB) in older adults is not fully understood.
• Existing research presents controversial findings regarding the comprehensive effects of DHIs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and evaluate the impact of multicomponent DHIs on key physical activity indicators and SB in older adults.
• To assess daily steps, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light physical activity, total physical activity, and SB.

Main Methods:

• Systematic search of major databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL) up to February 20, 2026.
• Inclusion of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating multicomponent DHIs for exercise promotion in older adults.
• Meta-analysis using Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random-effects model with Nagashima adjusted prediction intervals (PIs) and GRADE assessment for evidence certainty.

Main Results:

• Twenty-six RCTs (n=4129) were included. Multicomponent DHIs significantly increased daily steps (MD 822.8 steps/d) and MVPA (MD 45.9 min/wk).
• No statistically significant improvements were observed for SB, total physical activity, or light physical activity.
• Subgroup analyses indicated higher effectiveness for standalone wearables and human-assisted interventions, particularly in populations at risk for chronic diseases.

Conclusions:

• Multicomponent DHIs show promise for enhancing daily steps and MVPA in older adults.
• The study highlights the importance of considering population characteristics and intervention delivery (e.g., human support) for optimizing DHI effectiveness.
• Future interventions should prioritize user-friendly technology and tailored strategies for diverse older adult subgroups.