An Integrated Lumped Parameter Model and Computational Fluid Dynamics Framework for Predicting Hemodynamic Parameters...

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Research
• Medical Engineering
• Pediatric Cardiology

Background:

• Pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is a progressive vascular disease with poor prognoses.
• Atypical hemodynamics in pulmonary veins are implicated in PVS pathogenesis.
• Current understanding of hemodynamic changes in various PVS presentations is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and validate a novel computational framework for analyzing pulmonary vein hemodynamics.
• To integrate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) with lumped parameter models (LPM) for efficient simulation.
• To investigate hemodynamic alterations in diverse PVS scenarios.

Main Methods:

• Developed a coupled CFD-LPM framework using surrogate modeling for computational efficiency.
• Calibrated the LPM using surrogate models to match target pressure and volume values.
• Simulated five patient-representative scenarios with varying stenosis severity, number of affected veins, and shunt physiology.

Main Results:

• Assessed the distribution of time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) in proximal pulmonary veins.
• Predicted hemodynamic parameters including flows, pressures, and volumes in pulmonary arteries, veins, and ventricles.
• Demonstrated the framework's capability to simulate complex PVS conditions.

Conclusions:

• The novel CFD-LPM framework provides a computationally efficient method to study pulmonary vein hemodynamics in PVS.
• This approach allows for detailed analysis of hemodynamic changes across different PVS presentations.
• Findings contribute to a better understanding of PVS pathogenesis and may inform treatment strategies.