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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid. The...
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...

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Updated: Jun 1, 2026

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment
09:25

Fabricating van der Waals Heterostructures with Precise Rotational Alignment

Published on: July 5, 2019

Chirality Engineering and Properties in Two-Dimensional Layered Materials.

Junwei Zhang1,2, Zhengbo Zhong1,2,3, Yuhao Mi1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 30, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chirality engineering in 2D materials unlocks novel properties for spintronics and optoelectronics. This review details strategies for fabricating and characterizing chiral 2D systems, paving the way for advanced applications.

Keywords:
2D materialschiral characterizationchiral engineeringchiralitynanostructure

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Chirality engineering yields unique properties for applications in spintronics, chiroptics, and catalysis.
  • Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials offer tunable properties, making them ideal for chirality engineering.
  • Challenges exist in fabricating chiral 2D materials and characterizing their properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review feasible strategies for chirality engineering in 2D layered materials.
  • To highlight design principles and resulting physical/chemical behaviors.
  • To explore future opportunities for chiral 2D systems in advanced technologies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of intrinsic and extrinsic chirality engineering approaches in 2D materials.
  • Analysis of fabrication, assembly, coupling, and characterization techniques.
  • Discussion of current challenges and potential solutions.

Main Results:

  • Identified feasible strategies for introducing and controlling chirality in 2D materials.
  • Demonstrated how chirality engineering enhances optical, electronic, and quantum properties.
  • Highlighted the potential for novel physical and chemical behaviors.

Conclusions:

  • Chirality engineering in 2D materials is crucial for unlocking emergent chiral properties.
  • Advanced fabrication and characterization techniques are enabling precise control over chiral 2D systems.
  • Tailored chiral 2D materials promise breakthroughs in next-generation optoelectronics, spintronics, and quantum information science.