Selection trends of assistive technology devices by occupational therapists when supporting children with developmental disabilities in Japanese childcare settings

This study aimed to clarify the selection trends of ATDs by occupational therapists for children with developmental disabilities or developmental concerns in childcare facilities, based on the challenges of inclusive childcare in Japan. We explored variability in ATD selection across cases, the reasoning behind these selections, and alternative devices or strategies considered.

An online questionnaire survey was conducted targeting occupational therapists in Japan. Descriptive statistics were used to calculate the selection frequency of ATDs for each case. Correspondence analysis and characteristic word extraction were used to analyse the reasons for ATD selection, and thematic analysis was used to categorise alternative devices and strategies.

Responses were received from 75 occupational therapists, with 72 valid responses. The results showed that ATD selection tended to be relatively consistent for some cases, while it was more varied for others. The reasons for selection were categorised into six categories. Regarding alternatives other than ATDs, various support methods were considered, including adjustments to the human environment and modifications of activities.

The results suggest that the variety of support methods available to occupational therapists may influence the variability in ATD selection. The selection of ATDs was based primarily on four factors: support for sensory characteristics, visual support, calming down, and physical function. The findings suggest that occupational therapists comprehensively consider a diverse range of support methods, including ATDs, to achieve inclusion.