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Optimal sphingomyelin extraction for improved infant formula.

Manman Zhang¹, Ting Li², Nian Liu¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.

Journal of Dairy Science

|May 31, 2026

Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study presents green extraction methods for sphingomyelin (SM) from whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC). Optimized methods yield SM-enriched ingredients for infant formula, closely mimicking human milk phospholipid profiles.

Area of Science:

Food Chemistry
Biotechnology
Nutritional Science

Background:

Whey protein phospholipid concentrate (WPPC) is a source of valuable phospholipids.
Sphingomyelin (SM) is a key phospholipid with significant health benefits.
Current extraction methods for SM may not be sustainable or efficient.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop green and efficient extraction methods for sphingomyelin (SM).
To optimize the purification of SM and phospholipids (PL) from WPPC.
To create infant formula phospholipid ingredients (IFPI) that mimic human milk composition.

Main Methods:

Developed two green extraction pathways for SM using ethanol and either cooling crystallization or supercritical fluid extraction.
Systematically optimized extraction parameters including ethanol concentration, temperature, and solid-to-liquid ratio.

Keywords:

Crystallization Ethanol Extraction Phospholipid Sphingomyelin Supercritical Fluid Extraction Whey protein phospholipid concentrate

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Formulated two IFPI by blending SM-enriched extracts with other phospholipids to match Chinese human milk profiles.

Main Results:

Achieved two SM-enriched extracts (ECSM and SESM) with SM content over 51% of total PL.
Developed IFPI1 and IFPI2 with high similarity scores (92.17% and 92.38%) to mature Chinese human milk.
Demonstrated the efficacy of the developed methods for producing high-quality lipid ingredients.

Conclusions:

The developed green extraction methods are efficient and sustainable for SM isolation.
The study provides a viable strategy for enhancing infant formula lipid nutrition.
This research supports precise and localized nutritional formulation in infant nutrition products.