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Related Concept Videos

Antifungal Agents01:15

Antifungal Agents

Amphotericin B is a broad-spectrum antifungal agent that exploits structural differences between fungal and mammalian cell membranes. Its amphipathic structure—featuring a hydrophobic polyene-lactone ring and a hydrophilic region containing mycosamine and carboxylic acid groups—enables selective binding to ergosterol, a sterol predominantly found in fungal plasma membranes. This selective interaction underlies the drug’s antifungal activity, although weak binding to cholesterol contributes to...
Fungal Phylum Ascomycota01:28

Fungal Phylum Ascomycota

Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure
10:33

Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure

Published on: May 27, 2022

Managing Azole Resistance in Aspergillus.

Hisako Kushima1,2, Hiroshi Ishii2

  • 1Department of Infection Control and Prevention, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital.

Medical Mycology Journal
|May 31, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is a growing global concern, especially for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. New antifungal strategies and diagnostics are urgently needed to combat this challenge.

Keywords:
Aspergillus fumigatusantifungal susceptibility testingazole resistancechronic pulmonary aspergillosisnovel antifungalsvaccine development

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Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis
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Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure
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Isolation of Culturable Yeasts and Molds from Soils to Investigate Fungal Population Structure

Published on: May 27, 2022

Inhibition of Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production in Transgenic Maize Expressing the α-amylase Inhibitor from Lablab purpureus L.
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Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis
09:52

Histological Quantification to Determine Lung Fungal Burden in Experimental Aspergillosis

Published on: March 9, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Medical Mycology
  • Antimicrobial Resistance
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Azole antifungals are primary treatments for aspergillosis.
  • Rising azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus poses a significant clinical threat.
  • Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) necessitates long-term azole use, exacerbating resistance issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.
  • To discuss the implications of resistance for aspergillosis treatment.
  • To explore emerging strategies for managing azole-resistant fungal infections.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of azole resistance mechanisms in Aspergillus.
  • Analysis of clinical implications and treatment challenges.
  • Evaluation of current and novel antifungal approaches.

Main Results:

  • Azole resistance is driven primarily by cyp51A mutations and influenced by agricultural azole use.
  • Cross-resistance limits therapeutic options, with alternatives like amphotericin B and echinocandins having drawbacks.
  • Antifungal susceptibility testing for fungi is complex and not widely available, hindering management.

Conclusions:

  • Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus requires urgent attention and innovative solutions.
  • Development of novel antifungals, optimized drug delivery, and antifungal vaccines are crucial.
  • Improved diagnostics and global surveillance are essential for effective management of resistant fungal infections.