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Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Protocol for Housing Mice in an Enriched Environment
09:30

A Protocol for Housing Mice in an Enriched Environment

Published on: June 8, 2015

Improving Population Health Through Housing Policy: Lessons From the Public Housing Program.

Andrew Fenelon1,2,3

  • 1Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities.

The Milbank Quarterly
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Public housing significantly improves health outcomes for individuals across all life stages. A revitalized public housing program, focusing on broader income inclusivity and integrated governance, can effectively address the US population health crisis.

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Last Updated: Jun 2, 2026

A Protocol for Housing Mice in an Enriched Environment
09:30

A Protocol for Housing Mice in an Enriched Environment

Published on: June 8, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Public health
  • Health policy
  • Social determinants of health

Background:

  • Housing is a critical social determinant of health, yet the US faces a significant housing affordability crisis.
  • The US public housing program, established during the New Deal, offers valuable insights into improving population health through stable housing.
  • Despite its benefits, the program's structure currently limits its broad applicability and impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the health impacts of US housing programs, highlighting public housing as a successful model.
  • To identify lessons from early public housing initiatives for contemporary health improvement strategies.
  • To propose policy recommendations for adapting public housing to foster innovation and address health disparities.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of health outcomes across different US housing programs.
  • Examination of health benefits associated with public housing, including mental health, reduced emergency visits, and chronic disease risk.
  • Review of historical public housing program structures and contemporary policy shifts.

Main Results:

  • Public housing demonstrates significant positive health impacts across the life course, including improved mental health, reduced emergency room visits, and better chronic disease management.
  • Children in public housing show better mental health and housing stability.
  • Adults experience improved physical and mental health, reduced diabetes risk, and enhanced food security.

Conclusions:

  • Public housing is a powerful tool for improving health, but current policies are insufficient for ensuring stable housing for all.
  • A renewed public housing program, incorporating broader income levels, integrated governance, and effective administration, can be a key strategy for addressing the US population health crisis.
  • Policy innovation at the state level, leveraging project-based housing and stable funding, is essential for maximizing the health benefits of public housing.