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Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
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Relationship Between Blood Creatine Kinase and Muscle Damage in Speed Skaters.

Takanori Matsuura1, Masaki Yamaguchi2, Koichiro Kuwahara3

  • 1Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.

Journal of Musculoskeletal & Neuronal Interactions
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Resting creatine kinase (CK) levels in speed skaters may be linked to a combination of factors including pulse rate, blood pressure, fatigue, and sleep quality. This suggests CK could indicate muscle damage in elite athletes.

Keywords:
AthleteBiomarkerMuscle DamageSpeed Skater

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Medicine
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Speed skating involves intense physical exertion, leading to a high risk of muscle damage.
  • Resting creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme released into the bloodstream following muscle injury.
  • Understanding factors influencing CK levels is crucial for monitoring athlete health and performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between resting creatine kinase (CK) levels and various psychophysiological parameters in speed skaters.
  • To identify potential biomarkers for muscle damage in elite speed skaters.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study involving nine speed skaters and nine non-athlete controls.
  • Measurements included creatine kinase (CK), ferritin, perceived fatigue level (PFL), sleep quality assessment (SQA), physical activity (IPAQ), heart rate, blood pressure, and physical performance metrics.
  • Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the relationship between CK and other parameters.

Main Results:

  • Speed skaters exhibited significantly higher CK, physical activity levels (IPAQ), thigh circumference, and jump height compared to controls.
  • Speed skaters reported lower pulse rates and perceived fatigue levels (PFL).
  • A combination of pulse rate, mean arterial pressure, PFL, and SQA explained 54% of the variation in resting CK levels (R² = 0.54).

Conclusions:

  • Resting CK levels in speed skaters are associated with a combination of psychophysiological factors.
  • These findings suggest that CK may serve as a useful biomarker for detecting muscle damage in elite speed skaters.
  • Further research is warranted to validate CK as a reliable indicator of muscle damage in this population.