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Related Concept Videos

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells01:19

Protein Dynamics in Living Cells

Different fluorescence-based techniques are used to study the protein dynamics in living cells. These techniques include FRAP, FRET, and PET.
Fluorescent recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) is a fluorescent-protein-based detection technique used to quantify protein movement rates within the cell. This method exposes a small portion of the cell to an intense laser beam. The laser beam causes permanent photobleaching of the fluorophore-tagged proteins in the exposed region. As the bleached...

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Recent Advances in Photocatalyst-Driven Protein Labeling and Proximity Mapping.

Shinichi Sato1,2, Kazuki Miura3, Juki Nakao1

  • 1Frontier Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.

Chemical Record (New York, N.Y.)
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PubMed
Summary

Photocatalysis enables precise protein modification and proximity labeling for studying biomolecular interactions. This review highlights advances in light-activated chemistry for mapping protein networks in complex biological systems.

Keywords:
energy transferphotocatalystprotein chemical labelingproximity labelingsingle‐electron transfer

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Photochemistry

Background:

  • Photocatalysis offers light-driven control over chemical reactions.
  • Visible-light photocatalysis has expanded from small molecules to peptide and protein modification.
  • Localized photocatalysts enable proximity labeling for studying biomolecular interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in photocatalyst-enabled protein modification and proximity labeling.
  • To highlight diverse photochemical mechanisms used in these applications.
  • To showcase applications across various biological systems.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing photocatalysts localized by ligands, antibodies, nanomaterials, or genetic fusion.
  • Employing photochemical mechanisms like single-electron transfer, energy transfer, and reactive intermediate generation (radicals, carbenes, nitrenes, singlet oxygen).
  • Applying these methods to purified proteins, solid-supported platforms, living cells, tissues, and in vivo systems.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated photocatalysis for selective protein modification under biologically compatible conditions.
  • Showcased photocatalytic proximity labeling for probing biomolecular interactions.
  • Highlighted the versatility of photocatalysis across different experimental scales.

Conclusions:

  • Photocatalysis is a powerful chemical framework for designing proximity labeling tools.
  • These tools offer tunable spatial resolution for spatial encoding in biology.
  • Photocatalysis enables interrogation of protein interactions in complex biological environments.