Endobronchial Schwannoma Presenting as Persistent Cough: Diagnosis and Successful Bronchoscopic Resection

Schwannomas are benign, slow-growing tumors that arise from Schwann cells of the peripheral nerve sheath. Pulmonary schwannomas are extremely uncommon, accounting for approximately 0.2% of all lung tumors and representing a small fraction of tracheobronchial neoplasms. We present a case involving a 49-year-old non-smoking male with a history of Crohn's disease who reported a persistent productive cough, dyspnea, and a subjective sensation of airway obstruction that did not improve with nebulized therapy. Chest CT revealed an endobronchial lesion obstructing the right mainstem bronchus. Flexible bronchoscopy demonstrated a vascular, pedunculated mass occupying approximately 80% of the bronchial lumen, and transbronchial biopsies were obtained. Histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed a diagnosis of schwannoma, with strong S100 positivity. The patient subsequently underwent rigid bronchoscopy with argon plasma coagulation, followed by complete tumor resection using a cryoprobe, resulting in successful airway restoration. This report highlights the importance of considering rare benign neoplasms in patients with persistent respiratory symptoms and emphasizes the role of bronchoscopic intervention in both diagnosis and definitive treatment.