Giant Radicular Cyst of the Pediatric Anterior Maxilla: A Rare Case

Radicular cysts are inflammatory odontogenic cysts that arise from nonvital teeth due to proliferation of the epithelial rests of Malassez. Although they are commonly seen in adults, their occurrence in younger individuals is rare. This case describes a 13-year-old male who presented with pain, swelling, and pus discharge in the left maxillary region, associated with trauma-induced nonvital teeth. Radiographic evaluation revealed a well-defined radiolucent lesion extending into the maxillary sinus with displacement of adjacent structures. The involved teeth were managed with endodontic treatment, followed by surgical enucleation of the lesion and chemical cauterization using 5-fluorouracil. Postoperative healing was uneventful, with preservation of surrounding anatomical structures. This case highlights the consequences of delayed intervention, which led to the formation of a large cyst and subsequent infection. It underscores the importance of timely and effective management of radicular cysts in young patients to prevent extensive structural damage.