The digital technology-well-being paradox: No link between digital use and life satisfaction in older adults

The impact of digital technology use on older adults' well-being remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to investigate the independent association between information and communication technology (ICT) use and life satisfaction in older adults, while accounting for socioeconomic, health, and social covariates.

We analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2025 DIGOLD survey of community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years in Slovenia. Participants (N=983; mean age 72 years; 62% women) completed the Satisfaction With Life Scale and reported ICT use frequency (1=never to 5=daily). Covariates included age, gender, living arrangements, marital status, residence, education, household size, perceived economic situation, self-rated physical and mental health, and functional abilities. We computed Pearson correlations and fitted multiple linear regression models.

ICT use correlated positively with life satisfaction in bivariate analyses (r=0.25, p<.001). In the full multivariable model (adjusted R²=0.32), ICT use was not a significant independent predictor (p>.05). Higher life satisfaction was associated with better mental health (β=0.252, p<.001), better financial situation (β=0.280, p<.001), better physical health (β=0.118, p=.001), and better functional abilities (β=0.085, p=.021); lower life satisfaction was associated with being unmarried (β=-0.081, p=.006) and institutional living (β=-0.115, p<.001).

Among older Slovenians, the simple positive link between ICT use and life satisfaction was fully explained by socioeconomic and health advantages among frequent users. Digital engagement alone may not raise life satisfaction without concurrent gains in health, financial security, or social connection. Digital inclusion initiatives should emphasize meaningful, socially connective uses of technology and be paired with supports that address mental and physical health and economic well-being.