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[Associated factors with vaccine hesitancy in sub-Saharan Africa: a literature review]
Amadou Tila Kebe1, Bakary Diarra2, Issa Kalossi1
1Département d'Enseignement et de Recherche en Santé Publique et Spécialités, Faculté de Médecine et d'Odontostomatologie, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako, Bamako, Mali.
Abstract:
Vaccination is a key intervention for reducing infant and child morbidity and mortality. Its success depends largely on public acceptance. This study aims to understand the determinants of vaccine hesitancy in sub-Saharan Africa. The methodological approach consisted of a systematic review of the literature, conducted through consultation of PubMed and grey literature, according to Population/Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) criteria and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Of the 32 studies included, 28 were peer-reviewed, while the others were taken from dissertations and theses by master's and doctoral students in health sciences. The main factors contributing to hesitancy include young age, rural location, low educational attainment, doubts about the safety and efficacy of vaccines, and fear of possible side effects. Mistrust of governments and the influence of social media also play a role. This review identifies these barriers and proposes solutions to improve vaccine uptake, particularly for the Expanded Programme on Immunisation and COVID-19 vaccines.
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