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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management01:21

Rheumatic Heart Disease III: Medical Management

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) management can be divided into two main strategies: prevention and long-term management.Primary PreventionPrimary prevention focuses on timely diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis to prevent acute rheumatic fever. The most widely used antibiotic for treating this condition is intramuscular benzathine penicillin G.Acute Rheumatic Fever TreatmentThe primary treatment goal for a patient diagnosed with acute rheumatic fever is to suppress the...
Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management01:20

Rheumatic Heart Disease IV: Nursing Management

AssessmentA comprehensive assessment is essential in managing a patient with rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Begin with obtaining a detailed medical history, including recent streptococcal infections, a history of rheumatic fever, or previously diagnosed rheumatic heart disease. Assess the patient for symptoms such as fever, chest pain, widespread joint pain (arthralgia), tachycardia, pericardial friction rub, muffled heart sounds, heart murmurs, peripheral edema, subcutaneous nodules, and...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Catheter Ablation in Combination With Left Atrial Appendage Closure for Atrial Fibrillation
28:13

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Published on: February 26, 2013

Atrial Fibrillation Screening in Those with Rheumatic Heart Disease: A Narrative Policy Content Review.

Elizabeth Paratz1, Xinying Zhou2, Caio A M Tavares3,4

  • 1St Vincent's Institute for Medical Research, Melbourne, Australia.

Global Heart
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Clinical guidelines lack recommendations for screening atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with rheumatic heart disease (RHD), despite AF being a common complication. Only one policy document explicitly recommended AF screening for RHD patients, highlighting a significant gap.

Keywords:
advocacyatrial fibrillationpreventionrheumatic heart diseasescreening

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Estimating Bilateral Atrial Function by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Feature Tracking in Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation

Published on: July 20, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health Policy

Background:

  • Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) represent significant global health challenges.
  • Atrial fibrillation affects up to one-third of individuals with RHD, yet current clinical guidelines lack specific recommendations for AF screening in this high-risk population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and review existing guidelines and policies concerning AF and RHD.
  • To assess whether current recommendations include AF screening for patients diagnosed with RHD.
  • To identify any existing policy gaps in AF screening for RHD patients.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative policy content review was conducted, encompassing guidelines, consensus statements, position statements, and policy documents related to AF or RHD.
  • Documents were identified through comprehensive searches in MEDLINE, national/international cardiovascular society websites, and citation tracking.
  • A narrative synthesis approach was employed for content review.

Main Results:

  • A total of 29 relevant documents were identified: 16 focused on AF and 13 on RHD.
  • While 13 AF-focused documents recommended screening in general high-risk populations, only the 2021 Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society (APHRS) guidance explicitly recommended AF screening for RHD patients.
  • None of the 13 RHD-focused documents specifically recommended AF screening, despite acknowledging AF as a frequent complication.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gap exists in current guidelines and policies regarding AF screening for individuals with RHD.
  • Only one identified policy document provided specific recommendations for AF screening in RHD patients.
  • Further research is necessary to develop tailored AF screening guidelines for RHD populations across diverse settings.