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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Chronic Inflammation: Introduction01:12

Chronic Inflammation: Introduction

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 2, 2026

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification
10:21

Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification

Published on: September 20, 2024

Interstitial lung disease and the STING pathway.

Prasad Palani Velu, Gaofeng Zhu, Karen J Mackenzie

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |June 1, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway is implicated in rare interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) like SAVI and COPA syndrome. Further research is needed to understand STING

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Genetics
    • Pulmonology

    Background:

    • Ultrarare monogenic conditions, STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy (SAVI) and coatomer protein complex subunit alpha (COPA) syndrome, are linked to interstitial lung disease (ILD).
    • Genetic mutations in these conditions highlight the role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) immune pathway in ILD pathogenesis.
    • The therapeutic potential of STING-focused treatments for SAVI and COPA syndrome is being explored, but its relevance to common ILDs remains unclear.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of SAVI and COPA syndrome, including the nature of ILD associated with these conditions.
    • To review current evidence on STING activity in the pathogenesis of ILD in SAVI and COPA syndrome.
    • To explore the potential role of STING in more common forms of ILD by discussing data from various ILDs and model systems.

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    Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

    Published on: April 16, 2019

    Non-surgical Intratracheal Instillation of Mice with Analysis of Lungs and Lung Draining Lymph Nodes by Flow Cytometry
    08:01

    Non-surgical Intratracheal Instillation of Mice with Analysis of Lungs and Lung Draining Lymph Nodes by Flow Cytometry

    Published on: May 2, 2011

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    Primary Sjogren's Syndrome Associated with Lung Adenocarcinoma: Probing the Potential Common Pathogenic Mechanisms and Experimental Verification
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    Published on: September 20, 2024

    Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
    10:39

    Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

    Published on: April 16, 2019

    Non-surgical Intratracheal Instillation of Mice with Analysis of Lungs and Lung Draining Lymph Nodes by Flow Cytometry
    08:01

    Non-surgical Intratracheal Instillation of Mice with Analysis of Lungs and Lung Draining Lymph Nodes by Flow Cytometry

    Published on: May 2, 2011

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of genetic mutations underlying SAVI and COPA syndrome.
    • Analysis of existing studies on STING pathway activity in rare and common ILDs.
    • Examination of data from various ILD models and systems.

    Main Results:

    • Identification of genetic mutations implicating the STING pathway in SAVI and COPA syndrome-related ILD.
    • Evidence suggests a role for STING in the pathogenesis of ILD in these ultrarare conditions.
    • The relevance of STING to common ILDs requires further investigation.

    Conclusions:

    • The STING immune pathway plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of ILD in SAVI and COPA syndrome.
    • STING-focused therapeutics represent a potential treatment avenue for SAVI and COPA syndrome.
    • Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of STING in the pathogenesis of more common forms of ILD.