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Muscular Fitness Components in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study
Francesca Greco1, Giovanni Guarascio1, Concetta Irace2
1Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University "Magna Græcia" of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews
|June 1, 2026
Summary
Adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) exhibit reduced dynamic muscle function, specifically in the sit-to-stand test. However, their isometric muscle strength, like handgrip and knee extension torque, remains comparable to healthy individuals.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Exercise Physiology
- Metabolic Health
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic metabolic disorder affecting glucose regulation.
- Muscular fitness, particularly power, is crucial for daily activities and overall health.
- Limited research exists on the specific impact of T1D on power-related muscular fitness components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate potential reductions in muscular fitness, focusing on power components, in adults with T1D.
- To compare power-related muscular fitness between adults with T1D and a matched control group.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional study comparing adults with T1D and non-diabetic controls.
- Muscular fitness assessed via Handgrip strength (HG), knee extensor isometric maximal torque (PeakT), and 10-repetition sit-to-stand (STS) test.
- Specific lower limb power calculated as the ratio of STS performance to skeletal muscle mass.
Main Results:
- The T1D group (n=67) was significantly slower in the STS test compared to controls (n=67).
- Individuals with T1D demonstrated lower specific lower limb power than the control group.
- No significant differences were found in isometric measures (HG and PeakT) between groups.
Conclusions:
- Adults with T1D exhibit impaired dynamic muscle function, as evidenced by slower STS performance.
- Isometric muscular strength appears to be preserved in adults with T1D.
- These findings highlight a specific deficit in dynamic function, suggesting targeted interventions may be beneficial.
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