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Development of the Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Impact Measure (P-TIM)
Kristina S Boye1, Katie D Stewart2, Louis S Matza3
1Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Journal of Patient-Reported Outcomes
|June 1, 2026
Summary
A new questionnaire, the Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Impact Measure (P-TIM), was developed to assess how type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its treatments affect children. This measure is relevant for newer medications and evaluating treatment impact.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric endocrinology
- Patient-reported outcomes
- Qualitative research methodology
Background:
- Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children necessitates updated assessment tools.
- Existing patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures may not capture the nuances of newer T2D treatments in pediatric populations.
- This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of children with T2D to inform the development of a relevant assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and understand the impact of T2D and its treatment on children.
- To develop a child-centered questionnaire for assessing the impact of pediatric T2D.
- To ensure the questionnaire is relevant to current and emerging T2D therapies.
Main Methods:
- Conducted qualitative concept elicitation interviews with 13 children with T2D and their caregivers.
- Developed a draft questionnaire based on interview findings.
- Refined the questionnaire through qualitative interviews with 10 children with T2D.
Main Results:
- Interviews revealed impacts of T2D on eating, emotional well-being, school, family, activities, and social life.
- Children provided feedback on treatment aspects like ease of use, blood glucose, and weight management.
- The Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Impact Measure (P-TIM) was developed and refined, showing clarity, comprehensiveness, and relevance.
Conclusions:
- The Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes Impact Measure (P-TIM) demonstrates content validity for assessing T2D impact in children.
- The P-TIM includes concepts relevant to newer medications, such as weight control.
- This new PRO measure can aid in evaluating the effectiveness of T2D treatments in pediatric patients.
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