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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Patterning via Optical Saturable Transitions - Fabrication and Characterization
Published on: December 11, 2014
Anand Swain1, Kent Nguyen1, Moein Nouri2
1Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States.
Optothermal Bubble Etch Lithography (OBEL) is a novel, eco-friendly method for high-resolution patterning. This maskless technique uses lasers and microbubbles for precise fabrication, offering a sustainable alternative for advanced manufacturing.
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