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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Performance of CRLH-TL-Hilbert Structure Inspired Antenna Loaded with AMC Reflector for Wireless Applications.

Mohammed Alsudani¹, Turgut Ozturk², T A Oleiwi³

¹Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Karabuk University.

Journal of Visualized Experiments : Jove

|June 1, 2026

Summary

This novel antenna design for 5G networks uses a composite right/left-hand transmission line (CRLH-TL) and an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector for enhanced gain and beam steering. Optical switching enables reconfigurability, improving 5G communication systems.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Design, Fabrication, and Experimental Characterization of Plasmonic Photoconductive Terahertz Emitters

Published on: July 8, 2013

Area of Science:

Electrical Engineering
Electromagnetics and RF Engineering

Background:

5G communication networks require antennas with enhanced gain, beam-steering, and reconfigurability.
Traditional antenna designs face limitations in achieving these performance metrics simultaneously.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and validate a novel reconfigurable antenna design for 5G sub-6 GHz networks.
To achieve significant gain enhancement and beam-steering capabilities.
To introduce optical reconfigurability without complex fabrication.

Main Methods:

Integration of a composite right/left-hand transmission line (CRLH-TL) with a Hilbert-curve electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure.
Utilizing a hexagonal artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) reflector array to enhance forward gain and pattern directivity.
Employing an optical switching mechanism with light-dependent resistors (LDRs) for antenna reconfigurability and beam scanning.

Main Results:

Achieved a peak gain of 20 dBi at 5.6 GHz with the AMC reflector, a 4 dB improvement over the design without it.
Demonstrated ±5° beam steering capability at 5 GHz via optical switching.
Obtained a 2.1 GHz impedance bandwidth and 78% radiation efficiency, with excellent agreement between simulations and measurements.

Conclusions:

The proposed antenna design successfully integrates CRLH-TL, EBG, and AMC structures for superior 5G performance.
Optical reconfigurability offers a novel approach to beam steering and gain variation without fabrication complexity.
The antenna is well-suited for adaptive 5G base stations, satellite communications, and radar systems.