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Related Concept Videos

Angular Momentum: Single Particle01:10

Angular Momentum: Single Particle

Angular momentum is directed perpendicular to the plane of the rotation, and its magnitude depends on the choice of the origin. The perpendicular vector joining the linear momentum vector of an object to the origin is called the “lever arm.” If the lever arm and linear momentum are collinear, then the magnitude of the angular momentum is zero. Therefore, in this case, the object rotates about the origin such that it lies on the rim of the circumference defined by the lever arm magnitude.
The...
Conservation of Angular Momentum01:09

Conservation of Angular Momentum

A system's total angular momentum remains constant if the net external torque acting on the system is zero. Considering a system that consists of n tiny particles, the angular momentum of any tiny particle may change, but the system's total angular momentum would remain constant. The principle of conservation of angular momentum only considers the net external torque acting on the system. While there are internal forces exerted by different particles within the system that also produce internal...
Angular Momentum01:21

Angular Momentum

Angular momentum characterizes an object's rotational motion and is defined as the moment of its linear momentum about a specified point O. When a particle moves along a curved path in the x-y plane, the scalar formulation calculates the magnitude of its angular momentum, utilizing the moment arm (d), representing the perpendicular distance from point O to the line of action of the linear momentum. Despite being scalar in formulation, angular momentum is inherently a vector quantity. Its...
Conservation of Angular Momentum: Application01:18

Conservation of Angular Momentum: Application

A system's total angular momentum remains constant if the net external torque acting on the system is zero. Examples of such systems include a freely spinning bicycle tire that slows over time due to torque arising from friction, or the slowing of Earth's rotation over millions of years due to frictional forces exerted on tidal deformations. However in the absence of a net external torque, the angular momentum remains conserved. The conservation of angular momentum principle requires a change...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview01:03

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Overview

NMR-active nuclei have energy levels called 'spin states' that are associated with the orientations of their nuclear magnetic moments. In the absence of a magnetic field, the nuclear magnetic moments are randomly oriented, and the spin states are degenerate. When an external magnetic field is applied, the spin states have only 2 + 1 orientations available to them. A proton with = ½ has two available orientations. Similarly, for a quadrupolar nucleus with a nuclear spin value of one, the...
Angular Momentum about an Arbitrary Axis01:11

Angular Momentum about an Arbitrary Axis

Imagine a rigid body with a mass denoted as 'm', which has its center of mass at point G and is rotating around an inertial reference frame. The angular momentum at an arbitrary point P can be calculated by taking the cross product of the position vector and linear momentum vector for each individual mass element.
The velocity of a mass element comprises its translational velocity and the relative velocity instigated by the body's rotation. Substituting the velocity equation into the angular...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

Total angular momentum coherent state fields.

D Aguirre-Olivas, G Mellado-Villaseñor, B Perez-Garcia

    Optics Letters
    |June 1, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We developed a new framework for structured light fields, combining spin and orbital angular momentum. This enables precise control over light

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    Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

    Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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    Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
    09:23

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    Published on: May 30, 2014

    Area of Science:

    • Physics, Optics, Quantum Information

    Background:

    • Structured light fields utilize spin and orbital angular momentum.
    • Applications include precision manipulation, advanced imaging, and high-capacity communication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a paraxial modal framework coupling circular polarization with Laguerre-Gaussian modes.
    • To generate total angular momentum fields and coherent state fields.
    • To enable joint control of polarization and spatial structure with a single parameter.

    Main Methods:

    • Coupling circular polarization basis (spin-1/2 representation of su(2)) with finite-dimensional Laguerre-Gaussian modal subspaces.
    • Utilizing Clebsch-Gordan decomposition for total angular momentum fields.
    • Defining total angular momentum coherent state fields via SU(2) rotation.

    Main Results:

    • Developed a framework for structured light with coupled spin and orbital angular momentum.
    • Generated fields with joint polarization and spatial structure control via a single complex parameter.
    • Demonstrated self-similar propagation preserving transverse polarization and spatial structure.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed framework provides a novel method for generating and controlling structured light fields.
    • The fields exhibit self-similar propagation, maintaining their properties.
    • A proof-of-principle experiment validates the feasibility of this construction for advanced applications.