Cryptosporidiosis outbreak associated with recreational water exposure in a central park
Altea Martínez García1, Diana Nuevo Silva1, Macarena Pariente Martín1
1Servicio de Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Universitario Doctor Peset, Valencia, Spain.
Introduction:
Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease transmitted via the faecal-oral route, associated with waterborne outbreaks, particularly in summer. In 2023, an unusual increase in cases was detected in Spain, with particular impact in the Valencian Community.
Methods:
A retrospective descriptive study (June-November 2023) was conducted in the Valencia-Doctor Peset Health Department (population 288,583), including cases with Cryptosporidium detection in stool samples by modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and/or immunochromatographic testing.
Results:
A total of 163 confirmed cases were identified (cumulative incidence 56.5/100,000), compared with 3 during the same period in 2022; 93.9% (95% CI: 89.3-96.8) were under 11 years of age. The outbreak, declared by Public Health authorities, was linked to ornamental water features in an urban public park, which was temporarily closed. Diarrhoea (median duration 4 days) was the predominant symptom; 5 patients were immunocompromised, 3 required hospitalisation, and no deaths were recorded.
Conclusions:
Early identification of the source enabled effective outbreak control.
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