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Effect of nursing interventions on self-care for ostomy patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Sinan Aydogan1, Hatice Yuceler Kacmaz2, Burcin Irmak3
1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Türkiye.
Background:
Ostomy surgery, which creates an opening for the elimination of bodily waste, requires patients to have significant self-care skills. Nursing interventions play a critical role in equipping these individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary for effective ostomy management.
Aim:
To determine the nursing interventions applied to ostomy patients and examine their effects on patients' self-care ability.
Design:
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods:
The study was conducted following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The research question-based PICOS approach was used. Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Ovid MEDLINE(R) electronic databases were searched on 6 June 2024 and 18 February 2026. A combination of MeSH terms and keywords-'ostomy', 'enterostomy', 'nursing', 'self-care', 'nurse', 'experimental study', and 'randomised control trials'-was used in the search. The studies included in the review were between 2014 and 2026. This review includes nursing interventions for patients with an ostomy (enterostomy/urostomy). Primary outcomes were self-care ability. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) Version 4 software.
Results:
A total of 23 studies were included in this systematic review, with 2386 participants. Of the studies, 22 included patients with an enterostomy, and 1 included a patient with a urostomy. The experimental groups received nursing interventions categorized into four groups: Technology-Based, Model-Based Nursing Care, Structured Educational Strategies, and Specialized Clinical Interventions. The results showed that nursing interventions were associated with higher self-care ability.
Conclusions:
This study has demonstrated that nursing interventions increased self-care for ostomy patients despite the methodological variations in the studies included in the review.
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Ostomy Care
An ostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening from the intestines to the outside of the body, allowing for the rerouting of effluent. This opening is known as a stoma. A stoma usually protrudes above the skin surface, appearing pink or red, moist, and round, and it lacks nerve sensations.
There are different types of ostomies, including colostomies, ileostomies, and urostomies:
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