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Related Concept Videos

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes02:58

Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes

Crystal Field Theory
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can be...
Coordination Number and Geometry02:57

Coordination Number and Geometry

For transition metal complexes, the coordination number determines the geometry around the central metal ion. Table 1 compares coordination numbers to molecular geometry. The most common structures of the complexes in coordination compounds are octahedral, tetrahedral, and square planar.
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability. Many...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

Coordinative-Guest-Triggered Dimensional Crossover in a Metal-Organic Framework With Rigid Metal-Oxo Rods.

Keisuke Ishikawa1, Kazuya Otsubo1,2

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a novel lead-based metal-organic framework (MOF) that undergoes reversible structural phase transitions. Guest-molecule exchange triggers changes in framework dimensionality, offering new ways to control MOF properties.

Keywords:
host‐guest systemsleadmetal‐organic frameworksmicroporous materialsphase transitions

More Related Videos

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers
07:14

Experimental Approaches for the Synthesis of Low-Valent Metal-Organic Frameworks from Multitopic Phosphine Linkers

Published on: May 12, 2023

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Crystallography
  • Coordination Chemistry

Background:

  • Structural phase transitions in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are crucial for tuning their properties.
  • Guest-molecule exchange is a known trigger for MOF structural changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a reversible structural phase transition in a Pb-based MOF induced by guest-molecule exchange.
  • To investigate the impact of guest molecule exchange on MOF structure and dimensionality.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of a Pb-based MOF using Pb2+ ions and 2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone.
  • Characterization of the MOF structure and its response to guest molecule exchange.

Main Results:

  • A reversible structural phase transition was observed in the [Pb(DHBQ)(DMF)(H2O)] MOF.
  • Guest molecule exchange led to significant alterations in the Pb-O rod structure and framework dimensionality.
  • This is the first reported MOF with rigid SBUs to show a dimensionality change via guest exchange.

Conclusions:

  • Guest-molecule exchange can reversibly alter the dimensionality of MOFs built from rigid SBUs.
  • This provides a new strategy for controlling MOF topology and functional properties.