A chromosome-level genome assembly of the endangered rose Rosa anemoniflora

Rosa anemoniflora, a critically endangered climbing rose endemic to China, holds significant ornamental and conservation value but lacks genomic resources. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly generated using PacBio HiFi, Illumina, Iso-Seq, and Hi-C sequencing. The final assembly spans 547.52 Mb, with 95.72% of sequences anchored to seven pseudochromosomes and a contig N50 of 73.49 Mb. BUSCO assessment reveals 97.36% completeness (eudicotyledons_odb12). Repetitive elements constitute 55.31% of the genome, and 33,623 protein-coding genes were annotated, 97.68% of which are supported by BUSCO. We also identified 1,333 rRNA, 838 tRNA, and 1,043 other non-coding RNA genes. All data are publicly available at National Genomics Data Center (NGDC) (PRJCA052329). This high-quality genome provides a foundational resource for conservation genomics, evolutionary studies, and the genetic dissection of adaptive and reproductive traits in this threatened species.