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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

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The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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The eye is a spherical, hollow structure composed of three tissue layers. The outer layer — the fibrous tunic, comprises the sclera — a white structure — and the cornea, which is transparent. The sclera encompasses some of the ocular surface, most of which is not visible. However, the 'white of the eye' is distinctively visible in humans compared to other species. The cornea, a clear covering at the front of the eye, enables light penetration. The eye's middle layer, the vascular tunic,...

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Updated: Jun 3, 2026

Anterior Segment Organ Culture Platform for Tracking Open Globe Injuries and Therapeutic Performance
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Published on: August 25, 2021

AstroOphthalmology: ocular anterior segment.

Kasra Cheraqpour1, Mansoor Shahriari2, Mahya Ghazi3,4

  • 1Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. cheraqpourk@gmail.com.

NPJ Microgravity
|June 1, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spaceflight poses risks to eye health beyond neuro-ocular syndrome. This review covers anterior segment issues like dry eye, lens problems, glaucoma, and corneal injuries in astronauts.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Aerospace Medicine
  • Space Physiology

Background:

  • Spaceflight impacts astronaut ocular health.
  • Research often focuses on spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome.
  • Other anterior segment ocular issues are less studied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review anterior segment ocular manifestations during and after spaceflight.
  • To highlight conditions including dry eye disease, lens issues, glaucoma, and corneal trauma.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of ocular conditions in spaceflight.
  • Analysis of anterior segment manifestations.

Main Results:

  • Spaceflight presents diverse ocular risks.
  • Dry eye, lens changes, glaucoma, and corneal trauma are significant concerns.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive understanding of anterior segment ocular health is crucial for astronauts.
  • Further research is needed to address these specific spaceflight-related eye conditions.