Orthoptera as emerging nutritional resources: comparative analysis of protein and mineral composition

Orthoptera species are increasingly recognized as promising sources of alternative nutrients due to their high protein and mineral content. In this study, the nutritional composition of five Orthoptera species, Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Anacridium aegyptium, Uvarovistia satunini, Gryllus bimaculatus, and Saga ephippigera was evaluated with respect to protein content and selected mineral elements, including sodium (Na), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), and iron (Fe). The results revealed considerable interspecific variation in both protein and mineral composition. Protein analysis showed that the studied species contained relatively high protein levels ranging from 26.7% to 38.9%. The highest protein content was detected in Uvarovistia satunini, followed by Saga ephippigera and Anacridium aegyptium, indicating that these species may represent nutritionally valuable insect taxa. Although lower protein values were observed in Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa and Gryllus bimaculatus, their protein levels remain within the typical range reported for edible insects. Mineral analysis demonstrated that potassium was the most abundant element across all species, with particularly high concentrations recorded in Anacridium aegyptium. Sodium levels were highest in Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, while Gryllus bimaculatus exhibited the greatest iron concentration among the examined taxa. Calcium and magnesium levels also varied notably among species, suggesting species-specific mineral accumulation patterns. Overall, the findings indicate that Orthoptera species possess significant nutritional potential, particularly in terms of protein and essential mineral content. The observed differences among taxa highlight the importance of species-level evaluations when assessing the nutritional value of insect-derived resources. These results contribute to the growing body of research on insect-based nutrition and suggest that certain Orthoptera species may serve as promising candidates for sustainable alternative food and feed sources in the future.