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[Effects of Different Freeze-Drying Methods on Platelet-Rich Plasma]
Shu-Jun Wang1, Ping-Ping Mao1, Lu Wang1
1Department of Blood Transfusion, General Hospital of Eastern Theater Command, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, China.
Objective:
To investigate the rehydration status and changes in growth factor levels of freeze-dried platelet-rich plasma (FD-PRP) and spray freeze-dried PRP (SFD-PRP) stored under different temperature and time conditions.
Methods:
PRP from 15 healthy blood donors was processed using freeze-drying and spray freeze-drying techniques. The samples were sealed and stored at room temperature, 4 ℃, and -80 ℃, respectively. The morphological characteristics of the lyophilized PRP under each condition were observed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after 42 days and 12 months, along with an assessment of their rehydration status. The levels of of endothelial growth factor (EGF), platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in each rehydrated sample were measured using ELISA.
Results:
The freshly prepared FD-PRP appeared as light yellow, fluffy flakes, while the SFD-PRP presented as white, granular particles. After 42 days of storage, both FD-PRP and SFD-PRP at the three storage temperatures could dissolve rapidly in water; Compared with the baseline values, no significant decrease was observed in the levels of growth factors, except for PDGF-AA of SFD-PRP stored at room temperature, which showed a significant decrease. After 12 months of storage, multiple growth factors (GFs) in both FD-PRP and SFD-PRP stored at room temperature were significantly decreased compared with the baseline values; In contrast, no significant decrease was observed in the growth factors of FD-PRP stored at 4 ℃ or -80 ℃ relative to the baseline values; For SFD-PRP stored at 4 ℃ or -80 ℃, except for PDGF-AA and VEGF, the remaining growth factors also showed no significant decrease compared with the baseline values.
Conclusion:
For short-term storage, both types of lyophilized PRP (FD-PRP and SFD-PRP) are not highly dependent on strict temperature conditions, while refrigeration or freezing is beneficial for their long-term preservation. Considering the preparation process, freeze-drying is a simpler and more pratical method.
