Microbial Proteases: Pioneering Tools for Modern Therapeutic Innovations.

Area of Science:

• Enzymology
• Biotechnology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Proteases are crucial enzymes in physiological processes like synthesis and degradation.
• Microbial proteases present advantages over animal and plant sources, including specificity and ease of genetic modification.
• These enzymes have significant applications in the chemical and pharmaceutical sectors.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the benefits and therapeutic applications of microbial proteases.
• To explore their potential in treating various medical conditions and improving diagnostic methods.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was performed using databases like PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar.
• Publications focusing on the therapeutic uses of microbial proteases were identified and analyzed.

Main Results:

• Microbial proteases are the most abundant industrial enzymes, categorized by catalytic mechanisms and active sites.
• They play physiological roles in digestion, blood clotting, and cell division.
• Potential therapeutic uses include biofilm degradation, anti-inflammatory effects, digestive aid, wound healing, fibrinolysis, and treating liver fibrosis and Alzheimer's disease.

Conclusions:

• Microbial proteases show exceptional promise as next-generation therapeutic agents for various medical issues.
• Their adaptability, catalytic efficiency, and eco-friendliness make them attractive therapeutic candidates.
• Their versatility and ability to function in extreme conditions open avenues for novel treatments and enhanced biomarker detection.