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Related Concept Videos

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...

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Related Experiment Videos

FUS modulates R-loops by functionally interacting with RNase H1.

Anusree Dey1,2, Rituparna Das1,2, Sheetal Uppal3,4

  • 1Molecular Biology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.

Human Cell
|June 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The RNA-binding protein FUS regulates R-loops, which are DNA:RNA structures. FUS depletion increases R-loops, impacting genomic stability and potentially neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords:
FUSR-loopsRNA-DNA hybridsRNase H1Transcription

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • R-loops (RNA:DNA hybrids with displaced DNA) are crucial for gene regulation but can cause DNA damage when dysregulated.
  • The RNA-binding protein FUS is implicated in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of FUS in modulating R-loop dynamics and resolution.
  • To understand the FUS-RNase H1 interaction in R-loop regulation.

Main Methods:

  • FUS knockdown in HeLa cells.
  • Immunofluorescence, dot blot, proximity ligation assay (PLA), and co-immunoprecipitation.
  • In vitro assays for RNA:DNA hybrid degradation.

Main Results:

  • FUS knockdown significantly increased global R-loop levels.
  • FUS was found in close proximity to R-loops and nascent RNA.
  • FUS enhances RNase H1 activity in resolving RNA:DNA hybrids and influences RNase H1 recruitment to transcription machinery.

Conclusions:

  • FUS plays a critical role in regulating R-loop homeostasis through its interaction with RNase H1.
  • Dysregulation of the FUS-RNase H1 axis may contribute to R-loop-associated pathologies in FUS-linked diseases.