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Surveillance of Cannabis Strains Using Online Data: Observational Study.

Dong Won Yoon¹, Zefeng Qiu², Hojin Park^1,3

¹Center for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States.

JMIR Formative Research

|June 2, 2026

Summary

The number of reviewed cannabis strains surged 13-fold from 2010 to 2023, with hybrid strains and those over 20% tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) showing the most growth. This rapid expansion presents regulatory challenges.

Keywords:

cannabis strains cannabis surveillance marijuana online surveilance of cannabis market strain growth trend

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Area of Science:

Cannabis Science
Data Analytics
Regulatory Science

Background:

Cannabis flower strains significantly influence product appeal and potential health effects.
The expanding legal cannabis market lacks comprehensive strain surveillance.
Understanding cannabis strain trends is crucial amid increasing legalization.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze the growth and trends of cannabis strains using user-generated review data.
To leverage data from Leafly, a prominent cannabis information website, for strain analysis.

Main Methods:

Collected and analyzed user review data from Leafly between 2010 and 2023.
Constructed a dataset tracking the number of reviews per strain annually.
Employed Joinpoint regression for trend analysis of cannabis strain data.

Main Results:

Over 7000 cannabis strains are listed on Leafly as of December 2023, with over 6000 reviewed.
The number of reviewed strains increased 13-fold, from 280 in 2010 to 3905 in 2023.
Hybrid strains and those with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content exceeding 20% exhibited the most substantial growth in review numbers.

Conclusions:

The rapid proliferation of cannabis strains complicates regulatory efforts.
Policymakers must account for strain variability, including potency and product form, when developing regulations.
Data-driven insights into strain trends are essential for effective cannabis market oversight.