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Streaming for fish? Screen-based social exposure disrupts brain development.

Olivia Carmstedt1, Mirjam Amcoff1, Gilles De Meester1

  • 1Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

Biology Letters
|June 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Interactive social experiences boost brain development in guppies. Live social exposure led to larger brains and olfactory bulbs, highlighting interactivity

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Biology
  • Ethology

Background:

  • Social interactions are crucial for brain plasticity in vertebrates.
  • Specific aspects of sociality, like interactivity, are understudied in brain development.
  • Guppies (Poecilia reticulata) are a suitable model due to their social nature and neuroplasticity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of social interactivity in shaping brain development.
  • To assess the impact of different social exposure types on cognitive and morphological plasticity.

Main Methods:

  • Juvenile guppies were reared in three conditions: interactive live social exposure, non-interactive screen-based exposure, and minimal social exposure.
  • Cognitive performance was tested using an object permanence task.
Keywords:
brain morphologyneuroplasticityobject permanencescreen timesocial interactions

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  • Brain size and regional brain size (olfactory bulb) were quantified.
  • Main Results:

    • No significant differences in object permanence performance were observed across groups.
    • Interactive live social exposure resulted in significantly larger relative brain size and relative olfactory bulb size.
    • Non-interactive screen-based exposure showed no significant difference compared to minimal social exposure.

    Conclusions:

    • Interactive social exposure, not just mere presence of conspecifics, drives neural development.
    • Interactivity is a key factor influencing brain size and olfactory bulb development.
    • This study highlights the importance of the quality of social interaction for neuroplasticity.