[Predictive value of novel inflammatory indices for sarcopenia in patients with hip fractures]

To investigate the predictive value of novel inflammatory indices for sarcopenia in elderly patients with hip fractures.

A retrospective analysis was conducted on 389 consecutive patients with hip fractures treated between June 2014 and October 2024. The cohort comprised 127 males and 262 females, with a median age of 78 (IQR:70, 84). years. Baseline demographic data and hematological parameters within 24 hours post-injury were collected to calculate novel inflammatory indices. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) and grip strength were measured. Patients were categorized into a sarcopenia group and a non-sarcopenia group based on grip strength and ASMI criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors.

A total of 182 patients (46.8%) met the diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that advanced age [OR=1.051, 95%CI(1.024, 1.080), P<0.001], low body mass index [OR=0.805, 95%CI(0.746, 0.869), P<0.001], and low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) [OR=0.278, 95%CI(0.190, 0.407), P<0.001] were independent risk factors for sarcopenia. Compared with univariate models, the multivariable combined model demonstrated excellent discrimination, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.840 (P<0.001).

Low lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), as a novel inflammatory index, is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in elderly patients with hip fractures. It offers favorable predictive efficacy, is inexpensive, and readily accessible, providing a new strategy for the screening and management of sarcopenia in this population.