Integrated adsorption-ozonation process using activated canna indica biochar for enhanced COD and color removal from...

Textile effluent comprises Colors, heavy metals, and other chemicals. Before discharge into waterways, Color and COD should be reduced. This research used Canna Indica biochar adsorption and Ozonation to reduce COD and remove Color. The effects of adsorbent dose, solution pH, contact duration, activating agent, and ozonation rate on COD reduction and Color removal were examined. Potassium hydroxide-treated Canna Indica (KBC) reduced COD by 96.90% at 2.5 g/L, 8 pH, 17 h, and 100 mL/min at ambient conditions, while sodium hydroxide-treated biochar (NBC) removed Color at 2.5 g/L, pH 8.5, 17 h, and 57.5 mL/min. This research found pseudo-second-order biochar adsorption in textile effluent. Chemical sorption was dominant for textile wastewater COD and Color removal. Order of significance: pH > adsorbent dose > contact duration > ozonation rate. KBC and NBC had maximal adsorption capacities of 357.14 mg/g and 333.33 mg/g, respectively. According to the RSM-BBD study, pH was crucial for COD and Color removal via adsorption and ozonation. Ordering R2 isotherms according to significance Langmuir > Temkin > Redlich-Peterson > Freundlich = Halsey > Dubinin-Radushkevich for KBC and NBC. Response Surface Methodology predicts COD and Color reduction. This study presents a novel approach combining real-time textile dye wastewater adsorption using activated Canna indica biochar with ozonation for enhanced treatment efficiency. The novelty of this work lies in the combined optimization of adsorption-ozonation process using RSM-BBD design for simultaneous COD and color removal from real textile wastewater.