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Related Concept Videos

Effects of Creep01:25

Effects of Creep

Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
Factors Affecting Creep01:28

Factors Affecting Creep

In normal-weight aggregate concrete, the hardened cement paste is the primary contributor to creep, whereas the aggregates, being stiffer than the cement paste, are more resilient to stress-induced deformation. The stiffness of the aggregates is defined by their modulus of elasticity, and the more voluminous they are in the concrete, the less it will creep.
Further, the water/cement ratio is critical, as a lower ratio increases concrete strength, thus reducing creep. The strength of the...
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Creep refers to the time-dependent increase in strain under a sustained load, excluding other time-dependent deformations associated with shrinkage, swelling, and thermal expansion in concrete. The primary mechanism behind creep involves the loss of physically adsorbed water from the calcium silicate hydrate within the hydrated cement paste. This process is further exacerbated by concrete's non-linear stress-strain relationship, microcrack development in the interfacial transition zone, and...
Nuclear Binding Energy02:13

Nuclear Binding Energy

The difference between the calculated and experimentally measured masses is known as the mass defect of the atom. In the case of helium-4, the mass defect indicates a “loss” in mass of 4.0331 amu – 4.0026 amu = 0.0305 amu. The loss in mass accompanying the formation of an atom from protons, neutrons, and electrons is due to the conversion of that mass into energy that is evolved as the atom forms. The nuclear binding energy is the energy produced when the atoms’ nucleons are bound together;...
Nuclear Stability03:18

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Many heavier elements with smaller binding energies per nucleon can decompose into more stable elements that have intermediate mass numbers and larger binding energies per nucleon—that is, mass numbers and binding energies per nucleon that are closer to the “peak” of the binding energy graph near 56. Sometimes neutrons are also produced. This decomposition of a large nucleus into smaller pieces is called fission. The breaking is rather random with the formation of a large number of different...

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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident
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Published on: December 14, 2017

Compilation of Creep Property Data for Nuclear Structural Materials.

Isshu Lee1, John W Merickel1, Boopathy Kombaiah1

  • 1Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, USA.

Scientific Data
|June 2, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study compiles a comprehensive dataset on nuclear material creep properties to investigate the effects of using smaller specimens in research reactors. The findings will help understand how specimen size impacts creep behavior for advanced reactor designs.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nuclear Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Advanced nuclear reactors require high-temperature materials, making rapid creep research crucial.
  • Space limitations in research reactors hinder the study of irradiated materials using traditional specimen sizes.
  • Sub-sized specimens offer a solution to increase sample availability but their impact on creep research is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a comprehensive dataset of nuclear material creep properties, including composition, treatment, irradiation, and dimensions.
  • To enable research into the influence of specimen size on creep behavior.
  • To support the development of advanced nuclear reactor materials.

Main Methods:

  • A dataset was curated from 54 peer-reviewed sources, encompassing 1,583 unique specimens.
  • The dataset includes creep properties, material composition, and various experimental conditions.
  • Relevant nuclear materials such as stainless steels, Inconel, Zircaloy, and ferritic-martensitic steels are covered.

Main Results:

  • A comprehensive dataset on nuclear material creep properties has been established.
  • The dataset facilitates the study of specimen size effects on creep behavior.
  • It includes data on austenitic stainless steels, reactor pressure vessel steels, Inconel alloys, Zircaloy, and ferritic-martensitic steels.

Conclusions:

  • The curated dataset provides a valuable resource for understanding specimen size effects in nuclear material creep research.
  • This work supports the development and qualification of materials for advanced nuclear reactors operating at high temperatures.
  • Further research using this dataset can refine predictive models for material performance under irradiation.