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Related Concept Videos

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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Exploring the Neural Correlates of Cognitive Reappraisal in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Using Task-based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Core Dimensions Predict Manifest Symptom Expression in a Community Sample With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.

Jordan Till1, Colin T Henning1, Laura J Summerfeldt1

  • 1Trent University, Department of Psychology, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada.

Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy
|June 3, 2026
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Summary

Two core dimensions, harm avoidance (HA) and incompleteness (INC), help explain obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) symptom heterogeneity. These dimensions predict specific symptom clusters, offering insights into OCD

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Published on: November 27, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) presents significant symptom heterogeneity, complicating research and clinical practice.
  • Existing models attempt to organize OCD symptoms dimensionally, including a four-factor manifest symptom model and a two-dimensional core emotional-motivational model (harm avoidance and incompleteness).
  • Previous comparative studies faced limitations due to inadequate measures for assessing manifest symptoms or supporting dimensional scoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between two prominent OCD symptom models: the four-factor manifest symptom model and the two core emotional-motivational dimensions (harm avoidance and incompleteness).
  • To explore how these core dimensions predict specific manifest symptom dimensions in a community sample with OCD.
  • To assess the utility of the core dimensions in organizing and explaining OCD symptom heterogeneity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a voluntary adult community sample with lifetime OCD diagnoses.
  • Employed the Dimensional Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (DOCS) and the Obsessive-Compulsive Core-Dimensions Questionnaire-Trait (OC-CD-Trait) for comparable dimensional assessments.
  • Conducted regression analyses to examine the predictive relationships between core dimensions and manifest symptom dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Harm avoidance (HA) and incompleteness (INC) were moderate predictors of overall OCD symptom severity.
  • HA uniquely predicted symptoms related to harm/injury/bad luck and unacceptable thoughts.
  • INC uniquely predicted symptoms related to germs/contamination and symmetry.

Conclusions:

  • The core dimensions of harm avoidance and incompleteness effectively explain and organize patterns of OCD symptom heterogeneity.
  • Findings support the core dimensions as candidate endophenotypes for OCD.
  • This study provides novel insights into the association between manifest symptom and core dimension models in a community-based OCD sample.