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Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

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Self-Powered Flexible Hydrogel Sensor with Unbreakable Compressible Tolerance for Multiple Tactile Perception.

Boyi Kou¹, Guoxiang Shen¹, Jize Liu¹

¹School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China.

|June 3, 2026

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Researchers developed self-powered flexible sensors using skin-like hydrogel electrodes. These advanced sensors offer high sensitivity and stability for applications in bionic electronics, robotics, and human-machine interaction.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Biomedical Engineering
Robotics

Background:

Developing flexible sensors with skin-like properties, stability, and self-powering is crucial for advanced healthcare and human-machine interfaces.
Existing technologies face challenges in achieving high sensitivity and operational stability under demanding conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To create a simple, cost-effective method for fabricating adhesive, transparent, conductive hydrogel electrodes with excellent mechanical properties.
To integrate these electrodes into a self-powered flexible strain sensor for diverse applications.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of skin-like hydrogel electrodes with high compressibility and stability.
Integration of electrodes into a single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based flexible strain sensor.

Keywords:

electronic skin flexible strain sensor hydrogel-based self-powered sensor physiological monitoring posture recognition

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Microfluidic Channel-Based Soft Electrodes and Their Application in Capacitive Pressure Sensing

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Published on: March 24, 2023

Development of a tactile signal monitoring system for robotic hands, incorporating machine learning for signal analysis.

Main Results:

The developed hydrogel electrodes exhibit skin-like softness and stability under extreme compression (nearly 100%).
The self-powered flexible strain sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, good linearity, rapid response, and exceptional stability.
Successful application in fruit identification and torque recognition for robotic assembly, alongside physiological monitoring (handwriting, gait, voice, respiration).

Conclusions:

The novel hydrogel electrodes and TENG-based sensor offer a promising solution for advanced flexible electronics.
The technology shows significant potential for applications in robotic electronic skin, intelligent motion monitoring, and human-machine interaction.
The developed system enables precise tactile sensing and physiological signal monitoring, paving the way for more sophisticated bionic systems.