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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

High-Throughput Metabolic Profiling for Model Refinements of Microalgae

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Published on: December 4, 2021

Nanoparticle-Induced Hormesis in Microalgae: Insights from Transcriptomics and Soft X-ray Tomography.

Shuai Xu¹, Sheng-Lan Gong¹, Yu-Tong Zheng¹

¹National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.

Analytical Chemistry

|June 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Nanoparticles (AgNPs) exposure in algae causes dose-dependent changes in cell structure and gene expression. This study links structural remodeling to hormesis and toxicity, identifying lipid droplets and starch as key biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Science
Cell Biology
Toxicology

Background:

Nanoparticle (NP) exposure can induce hormesis, a biphasic dose-response.
Understanding NP effects requires linking molecular changes to cellular structure.
Algae are sensitive models for environmental contaminant studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a multiscale platform linking organelle structure to gene expression.
To investigate AgNP-induced hormesis and toxicity in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
To identify structural biomarkers of cellular response to AgNPs.

Main Methods:

Combined cryo-soft X-ray tomography (cryo-SXT) with transcriptomics.
Applied the platform to algae exposed to varying AgNP concentrations.
Compared AgNP effects with silver ion (Ag+) controls.

Main Results:

Low-dose AgNPs induced hormesis with starch sheath thickening and lipid droplet shrinkage.
High-dose AgNPs caused cytotoxicity with lipid droplet expansion and starch changes.
Biphasic structural changes in lipid droplets and starch sheath identified them as biomarkers.
Observed effects were largely attributed to dissolved Ag+.

Conclusions:

The imaging-omics platform quantitatively links molecular regulation to structural phenotypes.
Lipid droplets and starch sheath serve as sensitive biomarkers for AgNP exposure.
Cellular adaptation to AgNPs involves significant organelle remodeling and metabolic reprogramming.