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A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device

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Published on: November 24, 2016

Wireless, battery-free wearable optoelectronic-colorimetric microfluidic sensor for multiplex sweat analysis.

Ruihao Song¹, Seokjoo Cho^1,2, Gwangmook Kim¹

¹Andrew and Peggy Cherng Department of Medical Engineering, Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

Device

|June 3, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a novel wireless, battery-free microfluidic biosensor system for real-time, in situ sweat analysis. The integrated optoelectronic-colorimetric device overcomes ambient light interference for accurate metabolic monitoring.

Keywords:

Wearable biosensors colorimetric sensors microfluidics optoelectronics sweat

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Dry Film Photoresist-based Electrochemical Microfluidic Biosensor Platform: Device Fabrication, On-chip Assay Preparation, and System Operation

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Published on: September 19, 2017

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Analytical Chemistry
Wearable Technology

Background:

Wearable colorimetric biosensors offer noninvasive, real-time monitoring but are often limited by photography-based measurements susceptible to environmental and user factors.
Existing platforms require external devices like smartphones for image capture, introducing variability and potential inaccuracies.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a fully integrated, wireless, and battery-free multi-modal optoelectronic-colorimetric microfluidic system for in situ signal quantification.
To eliminate the need for external photography in wearable biosensing, thereby enhancing measurement robustness and reliability.

Main Methods:

A microfluidic patch with colorimetric sensors for uric acid, alcohol, and pH was combined with a detachable near-field communication (NFC) optoelectronic module.
Custom light-emitting diode (LED)-photodiode pairs provided localized illumination and reflectance detection for NFC-enabled reading via smartphone.

Main Results:

The system demonstrated robust interference-resistance across varying ambient light conditions and diverse human skin tones.
Multiplex sweat analysis accurately tracked metabolic fluctuations after specific diets and evaluated therapeutic responses in on-body studies.

Conclusions:

The developed system offers a reliable and accurate solution for noninvasive, in situ sweat analysis, overcoming limitations of previous photographic methods.
This technology holds promise for continuous health monitoring, particularly for metabolic conditions and personalized medicine.