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tRNA-derived small RNAs in ocular neovascular diseases: A systematic review

Tian-Yi Liu1,2, Peng-Zhou Kuai1,2, Yi-Sheng Luo1,2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University and First People's Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

Non-Coding RNA Research
|June 3, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) show promise in treating ocular neovascular diseases (ONDs). Targeting tsRNAs may offer a new strategy to overcome limitations of current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ocular neovascular diseases (ONDs) are a major cause of blindness worldwide.
  • Current anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapies face challenges like non-response and resistance.
  • Pathological angiogenesis in ONDs is increasingly linked to transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the role of tsRNAs in ONDs.
  • To analyze the origins, classification, and mechanisms of tsRNAs.
  • To explore tsRNAs as a potential therapeutic target for ONDs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Analysis of tsRNA origins, classification, and function.
  • Exploration of tsRNA implications in ocular neovascularization.

Main Results:

  • tsRNAs play a significant role in regulating pathological angiogenesis.
  • Understanding tsRNA mechanisms provides insights into OND pathogenesis.
  • tsRNAs represent a novel regulatory pathway in OND.

Conclusions:

  • tsRNAs are emerging as critical regulators in OND.
  • Targeting tsRNAs offers a potential alternative to anti-VEGF therapies.
  • tsRNA-based strategies may overcome current treatment limitations for OND.
Keywords:
AngiogenesisEpigeneticsOcular neovascular diseasestsRNA

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