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Volumetric Ultrasound Imaging Based on 4096-Element Large-Aperture 2D Array.

Baoqiang Liu¹, Robert Wodnicki¹, Josquin Foiret²

¹Roski Eye Institute in the Keck School of Medicine at the University of Southern California, USA.

IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics

|June 3, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a large-aperture 2D ultrasound array for enhanced volumetric imaging. The novel system achieves high resolution and deep penetration, showing promise for clinical applications.

Keywords:

3D imaging ASICs Electronically multiplexed arrays Interventional imaging Large 2D Arrays Volumetric imaging

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Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Ultrasound Technology
Array Signal Processing

Background:

Large aperture 2D arrays enhance ultrasound imaging by improving lateral resolution at depth.
Electronic focusing in elevation is crucial for achieving higher contrast resolution.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel 4,096-element large-aperture 2D ultrasound array.
To evaluate its performance in high-resolution volumetric imaging.

Main Methods:

Developed a 4,096-element (128x32) 2D array with specific element pitches and a 2.4 MHz center frequency.
Integrated custom multiplexing ASICs, local preamplifiers, and an FPGA control interface.
Conducted phantom experiments using a tissue-mimicking phantom.

Main Results:

Achieved penetration depth beyond 120 mm.
Obtained axial and lateral resolutions of 0.40 mm and 0.46 mm at 51 mm depth.
Demonstrated maximum CNR of 2.13 and gCNR of 0.94 for cyst targets.

Conclusions:

The large aperture 2D array effectively enables high-resolution volumetric ultrasound imaging.
The system demonstrates significant potential for future clinical translation.