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Related Concept Videos

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving01:27

Thermal expansion and Thermal stress: Problem Solving

San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55 °C.
Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
The concept of temperature has evolved from the common concepts of hot and cold. The scientific definition of temperature explains more than just our sense of hot and cold. Temperature is operationally defined as the quantity measured with a thermometer. Furthermore, temperature is...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
The Chain Rule: Problem Solving01:23

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The thermal expansion of a metal rod shows the application of the Chain Rule when one physical quantity depends on another that varies with time. As the rod is heated, its length changes according to linear thermal expansion, while the temperature of the system varies quadratically with time.For linear thermal expansion, the length L of the rod depends on temperature T such that the rate of change of length with respect to temperature is constant:where L0 = 2 m is the initial length of the rod,...
Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I01:14

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer I

Just as interesting as the effects of heat transfer on a system are the methods by which the heat transfer occur. Whenever there is a temperature difference, heat transfer occurs. It may occur rapidly, such as through a cooking pan, or slowly, such as through the walls of a picnic ice box. So many processes involve heat transfer that it is hard to imagine a situation where no heat transfer occurs. Yet, every heat transfer takes place by only three methods: conduction, convection, and radiation.
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...

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Rapid PCR Thermocycling using Microscale Thermal Convection
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Published on: March 5, 2011

Robust topological temperature localization in thermal rock-paper-scissors chain.

Zhaochen Wang1, Quan Liu1, Xin Qian1

  • 1School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.

National Science Review
|June 3, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers explored active topological thermal physics using a dynamic three-body system. They observed robust temperature localization and topological phase transitions, paving the way for advanced thermal management solutions.

Keywords:
rock-paper-scissorstemperature localizationtopological heat transfertopological phase transition

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Thermodynamics

Background:

  • Topological thermal physics offers novel thermal management strategies using metamaterials.
  • Current research primarily focuses on passive or static thermal diffusion systems.
  • Active and dynamic thermal transport phenomena remain largely unexplored in topological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate topological thermal physics in an active, dynamic three-body heat-transfer system.
  • Explore the influence of ecological dynamics, specifically a rock-paper-scissors (RPS) chain, on thermal behavior.
  • Establish a framework for understanding dynamic topological phenomena in non-equilibrium thermal transport.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a three-body heat-transfer system incorporating Peltier modules.
  • Employed numerical simulations to analyze system behavior.
  • Applied topological band-theory analysis to a thermal RPS chain Hamiltonian.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a robust temperature localization phenomenon resilient to disturbances.
  • Observed topological phase transitions within the thermal RPS chain.
  • Validated the feasibility of active topological thermal control.

Conclusions:

  • The study establishes a novel framework for exploring dynamic topological phenomena in thermal systems.
  • Findings offer new pathways for active thermal management beyond passive approaches.
  • Highlights the potential of ecological dynamics in designing advanced thermal materials.